Planning for Research Essay Example for Free

Planning for Research Essay Define action research. Action research in education, is a firing-line or on job type of problem-solving or research used by teachers, supervisors, and administrators to improve the quality of their decisions and actions.   It seeks more dependable and appropriate means of promoting and evaluating student growth in line with specific and general objectives and attempts to improve educational practices without reference to whether findings would be applicable beyond the group studied (Good, 1993). Explain its intended outcomes The intended outcome of action research is to improve the lives of children through education and for teacher researcher to learn more about the craft of teaching. All action researchers are committed to looking critically at what we do in our classrooms and the effects our actions have on the children in our care. Hence, the main intended outcome of action research is for educational change that enhances the lives of children. Another intended outcome is to enhance the lives of professionals.   It is largely about developing the â€Å"professional disposition† of teachers, that is, encouraging teachers to be continuous learners—in their classrooms and in their practice. This intended outcome of action research for teachers to be professional problem solvers who are committed to improving both their own practice and student outcomes provides a powerful reason to practice action research (Osterman and Kottkamp, 1993). Give examples of action research projects that researchers in your organization or field of study might engage in. Investigate the effectiveness of current math curriculum on students’ process skills and attitudes. Investigate the impact of an intervention and to monitor if it makes a difference and learn more about how best to teach math to children and to implement some of cooperative learning strategies. Monitor the impact of a new mathematics problem-solving curriculum on student performance on open-ended problem-solving questions and students’ attitudes toward mathematics in general. Investigate the perceptions of colleagues, children, and parents toward absenteeism to more fully understand why the existing policy is not having the desired outcome. References Hammersley, M. (1993). On the teacher as researcher.   Educational Action Research,    1(3), 425–441. Kottkamp, C. (1993).   The effects of action research on a teacher education community. Paper presented at the American Educational Research Association Conference, New York, NY.

President Abraham Lincoln Essay -- American History

On the fourth of March in 1861, Abraham Lincoln became the sixteenth President of the United States of America. President Lincoln was born on the twelfth of February in 1809 in a log cabin located in Hodgenville, Kentucky, and died at the age of fifty-six on the fifteenth of April in 1865 in Washington, D.C. In 1834, Abraham Lincoln was elected as a member of the Whig party into the Illinois state legislature. Being involved with politics helped form and shape his view about slavery. Lincoln then began teaching himself about law using William Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England. In 1837, Abraham Lincoln moved to Springfield, Illinois, and started working at the John T. Stuart Law Firm. After working as a lawyer for a few years, Lincoln had the privilege of serving a term in the United States House of Representatives from 1847 to 1849. During his term in the House of Representatives, Abraham Lincoln voiced his opposition to the Mexican-America, which made hi m unpopular and caused his decision of not running for another term. After leaving the United States House of Representatives, Lincoln returned to his lawyer profession back in Springfield, Illinois. Abraham then became more involved with politics once again when congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska Act which allowed individual states to choose whether they were free or slave states, in 1854. In 1856, his feelings about slavery were heightened, and he decided to join the Republican Party. During the year of 1858, Abraham Lincoln flipped politics upside down and exposed many things about the government. Doing this, Lincoln became very popular with politics. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln began campaigning for President of the United States. As previously st... ...014. . "Native American Atrocities - The Sand Creek Massacre." Last of the Independents - An Independent Web Designer. Web. 15 Dec. 2014. . "Our Documents - Home." Welcome to OurDocuments.gov. Web. 15 Dec. 2014. . "Our Documents - Home." Welcome to OurDocuments.gov. Web. 15 Dec. 2014. . "PBS - THE WEST - The Homestead Act (1862)." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 15 Dec. 2014. . "The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow . Jim Crow Stories . Freedmen's Bureau | PBS." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 15 Dec. 2014. .

Concept Analysis

Concept Analysis Stephanie Hobbs NR 501: Theoretical Basis for Advanced Nursing Instructor: Dr. Patricia Fedorka September 30, 2012 Introduction According to McEwen & Wills (2011), concept analysis is an approach to clarify and define terms so that writers and readers have a common language. The process of a concept analysis is to: 1. Select a concept 2. Determine the aims or purposes of analysis 3. Identify all the uses of the concept possible 4. Determine the defining attributes 5. Indentify model case 6. Identify borderline, related, contrary, invented and illegitimate cases 7.Identify antecedents and consequences 8. Define empirical referents The concept health is referred to as the ability to function independently; adapt to life's stressors; achievement of one's full potential and unity of mind, body and soul. Jean Watson identified health as one of many concepts used to understand the theory or science of human caring (McEwen & Wills, 2011). Purpose of the Analysis The purpose of this analysis is to clarify and define the term health. Clarification of this concept is essential to the function of caregivers.Everyone responsible for providing care should be knowledgeable of what health is. Many believe they know what health is but after a closer look, it is revealed that at best, it is fleeting and partially understood. Also, it is necessary for medical personnel to understand the difference between health, care and nursing (Lee & Ross, 2008). Uses of the Health Concept According to Walker & Avant (2011), dictionaries, colleagues, thesauruses, and scholarly literature should be used to identify the uses of the concept. A search for the literature on health was done by using Medline, CINAHL and Google Scholar.An online dictionary and thesaurus was also used. Dictionary Definition The English version of this word has many meanings. Webster defines health as the condition of being sound in mind, body, or spirit; especially: freedom of physical disease or pain . Other definitions by Webster are the general condition of the body, a flourishing condition, and a general condition or state (Merriam-webster. com). Defining Attributes Attributes as described by Walker & Avant (2011) are characteristics or descriptors. These attributes will help distinguish health from nursing and care. A state of complete physical, mental and social well being * A dynamic state of functioning within the limitations of the person (Artinian, 1991) * Unity and harmony within the mind, body and soul (Watson, 1999) * The expanding of consciousness; an evolving pattern of the whole of life (Newman, 1999) Model Cases 1. A 17 year old has given birth to twins and been referred to the Following Baby Back Home Program. On the initial visit, the nurse finds the mother is withdrawn and displaying signs of depression. She knows very little about the babies behaviors and is not very concerned about what the nurse or social worker is saying.Upon further assessment, the mother reveals that she and the father are no longer together. The nurse also finds out later that mom was severely anemic at discharge and experiencing excruciating headaches. On the next visit, the nurse convinces mom to schedule her follow up appointment and she explains how anemia affects her and her ability to care for the babies. Although the client denied feeling depressed, the nurse discussed signs of post partum depression and got the client to sign a contract saying she would call for help if she felt like urting herself or the babies. After returning to the office, the nurse called the physician’s office to make him aware of her involvement with the client and her assessment. The nurse also refers the client to a program called ACCESS. This program provides parenting classes as well as counseling for teen parents and emergency help with diapers and formula. After visiting the client for a few months there is a noticeable difference in the way she interacts with the babie s as well as her overall appearance and energy level.The client is also attentive and interested in what the home visitors are talking about. The client states that she is taking medication for the anemia and on birth control. She is getting counseling and taking a parenting class through the ACCESS program. She also says she enjoys the program because she interacts with other teenager going through the same thing she is. This model reflects health because it contains many of the defining concepts. Any of the concepts missing could cause the client to not be in good health.It also demonstrates why the nurse must have good assessment skills and address as many areas as possible that affect the client’s health. 2. An elderly lady diagnosed with Hypertension and Type II Diabetes presents to a Community Health Center for a follow up appointment. During triage, the client’s blood sugar is 357mg/dl and her blood pressure is 180/206. After speaking with the nurse, it is revea led that the client has been evicted from her home, has little to no food to get her through the month and did not purchase her medication due to a lack of money.The nurse shares this information with the physician and the social worker. After the physician gets the blood sugar and blood pressure under control, the social worker enrolls the client into some med assistant programs and calls the nearest women’s shelter to secure her a bed. The nurse gives her enough samples to last until her meds come in. The client states she will follow the regimen prescribed by her physician. This model clearly demonstrates how social issues affect overall health. After the clients social needs were met, she was able to focus on taking care of her physical health.This model also reflects many of the defining concepts. Borderline Case A borderline case gives another example of the concept’s use, but some of the defining attributes are excluded. Borderline cases give readers an idea of what the concept is not (Speros, 2005). A 55 year old male attorney presents to PCP complaining of chest pain, fever and shortness of breath for 3 days. He is told that he has to be hospitalized for a cardiac workout because a myocardial infarction is suspected. He is also told that he will have to have a cardiac catheterization.The patient reads the consent and refuses to sign it because he does not understand the medical jargon. He leaves against medical advice but is told to take 2 propranolol 80mg and see his physician in 2 weeks. He takes 2 pills once a day and does not return to see his doctor. Contrary Case The following case is contrary to health because it does not reflect the defining concepts. A 26 year old mother from a very small rural community brings her 6 year old to clinic wheezing and short of breath. The mother smokes about 30 cigarettes a day, is very soft spoken, has a limited vocabulary and reads on a fifth grade level.Mom also has problems spelling words corre ctly, prints when writing and reverses some of the letters. The child is diagnosed with Asthma and sent home with a nebulizer with albuterol and saline, a peak flow meter, steroid inhalers with spacers, and oral medication. Before leaving mom is asked if she understands how to give the child her medication? Mom states she understands and is then told to stop smoking around the child and return to the clinic in 1 week. Mom verbalizes understanding and leaves. Three days later mom presents to the Emergency room with child in respiratory distress and smelling of smoke.She states she did not use the nebulizer because she could not â€Å"work it†, she gave the both medication twice a day as opposed to each medication daily and she did not have peak flow readings because she thought it look more like a toy. The child smelled strongly of smoke (Speros, 2005). This case clearly shows two people in poor health. It obviously is contrary to the defining attributes of health. Antecedents and Consequences Walker and Avant (1995) describe antecedents as events or incidents that must precede the occurrence of the concept. For some time there was very little theoretical clarity of health for nursing science.In 1946 The World Health Organization attempted to define health and has since changed or added to the definition a couple of times. Walker and Avant (2005) also described consequences as events or incidents that occur as a result of the concept. Defining or clarifying the health concept has been important and useful to the theoretical basis of nursing. It has helped developed theory, instrument and research (Wang, 2005). Empirical Referents According to Cheng, Foster& Huang, empirical references present how the concept is to be measured or what the observation of a phenomenon should in reality be (tzuchi. om). Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring defined three concepts with health being one of them. Margaret Newman’s Theory of Health as Expanding Cons ciousness model uses two concepts one of those being health. These theories demonstrate the existence of health and how it has helped the nursing profession. Conclusion The concept of health was selected because of the many changes and variations to its definition. The World Health Organization defines health as a complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (who. int).Regardless of the definition, health is a concept that has helped develop the nursing profession. The Reference Artinian, B. M. , (1991). The development of the intersystem model. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 164 -205. Lee, V. and Ross, J. , (2003). ‘What is Health? ’ Campaign. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 94(5), 360. Ne Newman, M. A. , (1999). Health as expanding consciousness (2nd ed. ). New York: National League for Nursing Press. http://userwww. service. emory. edu/~mrisjor/documents/Rethinking. pdf http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary /health http://www. tzuchi. com. w/file/DivIntro/nursing/content/92-3/3. pdf http://www. who. int/about/definition/en/print. html Speros, C. (2005). Health Literacy: Analysis Concept. Journal of Advance Nursing, 50(6), 633-640. Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (1995). Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing, 3rd ed. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Norwalk, CT. Walker, L. O. & Avant, K. C. (2010). Strategies for theory construction in nursing. Boston: Pearson Wang, Y. (2005). A concept analysis of health. Hu Li Za Zhi The Journal of Nursing, 52(1), 40-43. Watson, J. , (1999). Postmodern nursing and beyond. London: Churchill Livingstone. .

Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction of Public Secondary...

Background of the study Teachers play a very crucial role in achieving the objectives of Philippines’ vision 2020. Disgruntled teachers who are not satisfied with their job could not be committed and productive and would not be performing at the best of their capabilities. Teaching profession is facing problems related to teachers’ job satisfaction. The general perception is that teachers in the government school are dissatisfied with their profession. They are said to be dissatisfied with teaching in the government schools. If the claim is true that the government school teachers are dissatisfied, what then is this dissatisfaction? In what aspects are they satisfied? Therefore, it is necessary to probe into this matter through a†¦show more content†¦Job Satisfaction can be applicable more to parts of an individuals job. If each person is highly satisfied with his job then only it will be considered as group job satisfaction. Generally job satisfaction is related with number of employees variables such as turnover, absence, age, occupation and size of the organization in which he works. The degree of satisfaction of job is largely depends on satisfaction of employee variables. According to Garton (1976), employees satisfaction and morale are attitudinal variables that reflect positive or negative feelings about particular persons or situations, satisfaction when applied to work context of teaching seems to refer to the extent to which a teacher can meet individual, personal and professional needs as an employees (Strauss, 1974). Herberg (1959) proposed the theories on job satisfaction. Herbergs motivation hygiene theory assumes that two variables determine a person satisfaction. (1) Internal factors like achievement, recognition etc., and (2) external factors such as salary and interpersonal relation. In the light of the above the theoretical framework of teacher job satisfaction may be considered as one of the important factors, which can enhance teaching competency. Conceptual Model The factors found in the studies were organized into 10 major areas that became the domains are: policies and administration, supervision, working conditions, interpersonalShow MoreRelatedFactors Affecting Job Satisfaction of Public Secondary School Teachers in the Philippines917 Words   |  4 PagesBackground of the study Teachers play a very crucial role in achieving the objectives of Philippines’ vision 2020. Disgruntled teachers who are not satisfied with their job could not be committed and productive and would not be performing at the best of their capabilities. Teaching profession is facing problems related to teachers’ job satisfaction. The general perception is that teachers in the government school are dissatisfied with their profession. 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Top Crystal Brands - 2876 Words

[pic] WORLD’S TOP CRYSTAL BRANDS 2009 Lalique [pic]homeshopping - 3 years ago [pic] Renà © Lalique became synonymous with French Art Nouveau decorative arts. Renà © Lalique was born in 1860 and first began designing fine jewelry in Paris in 1881. Lalique pursued increasingly more innovative experimentation in glass commencing around 1883. Early works used the familiar lost wax technique by which the model is made in wax while a mold is formed around the model. Then, the wax is melted and molten glass is poured into the mold. Lalique glass was made in this manner until approximately 1905 at which time the factory was redesigned for a larger production. As such, the individual uniqueness of each example of Lalique glass came to an end with the†¦show more content†¦Some of these creations are now on display at the Orrefors Glass Museum. The news that artists were engaged in a glasshouse for the first time attracted gifted glassblowers to Orrefors. The union of glassblowers and artists led to joint development of techniques such as Graal and Ariel, and to fur ther development of the traditional Bohemian cooper-wheel engraving. On the whole, Orrefors offered broad scope for experiment and innovation with new techniques being developed and older ones refined - and this is still the case today. Success led to the arrival of new designers. The graphic artist Vicke Lindstrand came to Orrefors in 1928, and designed glass that was painted or engraved. Nils Landberg and Sven Palmqvist came at the end of the 1920s as engravers, apprentices, and after service as assistants to Simon Gate and Edward Hald became full-fledged glass artists during the 1930s. The sculptor Edvin Ohrstrom joined Orrefors in 1936. 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The Tell Tale Heart By Stephen King - 983 Words

Stephen King, creator of such stories as Carrie and Pet Sematary, stated that the Edgar Allan Poe stories he read as a child gave him the inspiration and instruction he needed to become the writer that he is. 2Poe, as does Stephen King, fills the reader s imagination with the images that he wishes the reader to see, hear, and feel. 3His use of vivid, concrete visual imagery to present both static and dynamic settings and to describe people is part of his technique. 4Poe s short story The Tell-Tale Heart is a story about a young man who kills an old man who cares for him, dismembers the corpse, then goes mad when he thinks he hears the old man s heart beating beneath the floor boards under his feet as he sits and discusses the old man s absence with the police. 5In The Tell-Tale Heart, a careful reader can observe Poe s skillful manipulation of the senses. The introductory paragraph includes a paraphrase of something said by a famous person in order to get the reader s attention. 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Security Management Best Practice Based

Question: Discuss about the Security Management Best Practice Based. Answer: Introduction Mobile devices are extensively used in the present day by the individual and business users. These devices comprise of a lot of information and it is this information that is the key asset for all the users and organizations and it becomes a prime topic of concern for them to effectively manage the information and data sets that are associated with them. There are various categories of information such as sensitive information, internal information, information only for office use, public information, private information and a lot more. The information sets that the organizations deal with on a routine basis are huge in terms of volume. Also, the information that is present in these sets varies in terms of the contents, type and many other factors. It is essential to develop policies and strategies for the management of information of all classes and types and the document highlights some of the mobile device security vulnerabilities, countermeasures and mitigation strategies that ma y be followed. The following research questions have been answered with the aid of the research that has been carried on the vulnerabilities and risks associated with the mobile devices. What are the common vulnerabilities and risks that are associated with the mobile devices? What is the impact of the risks and vulnerabilities on the device and on the users? What steps have the companies taken to prevent and detect the mobile device risks? What are the security features and mechanisms that have been implemented? What is the security strategy that shall be adapted to avoid the risks associated with the mobile devices? There are several methods and approaches that have been designed which can be adopted to carry out a particular research. The methodology that has been adopted in this case is exploratory research methodology in which the data that is available is analyzed and the results are then concluded on the basis of the analysis and study that is carried out. The data associated with this particular topic was collected from a number of different sources such as online journals, organizational data, customer reviews, academic papers and many more. The data that was collected was gathered together and conclusions were made on the research topic. Mobile Device and Security Risks, Threats, Vulnerabilities their Impacts Security vulnerability that is associated with the information contained in the mobile devices refers to the weaknesses that may be related to it and may result in the occurrence of a variety of security threats and attacks. Threats refer to the security occurrences that may result in a negative impact on the data and the information that may be present within a particular system. The information sets and the variety of information that a user or an organization analyzes and goes through on a per day basis along with its usage in the number of business services and operations is huge. The existence of a variety of data sources along with varied formats of the same is also a prime reason of the presence of so many security threats and vulnerabilities. Some of these security occurrences in the form of risks, threats and vulnerabilities in association with Mobile devices have been listed and explained below. There are a number of threats that are associated with the device itself that may result in the emergence of security vulnerability or threat. These threats include the following: Users often connect to the public Wi-Fi networks which are not secured and the same leads to the execution of security threats and attacks by the attackers. The information is captured by the attackers which are then misused. There are a number of Bluetooth attacks that take place in association with the mobile devices. BlueJacking and BlueSnarfing are some of the Bluetooth attacks in which anonymous messages are sent from the mobile devices of the users and the attackers gain access to the device without the knowledge of the user. Owing to limited storage potential on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, users tend to save that data on the web. Although the data stored on the cloud is protected, the cached data left behind is not protected however. These data is available to be exploited until the phone if factory reset or deleted by user activity. Confidential and sensitive information tend to be saved in secret keys, sensitive business logic and access tokens within the application code and all it takes for an attacker is to reverse engineer it to get them. Once the device is stolen or the like, it becomes fairly easy to reverse engineer and use the sensitive information for malicious intents. There are many a ties complete lack of encryption in terms of the transmitted data that is observed in mobile applications. Even with encryption in place, there are many times developers chose to ignore certification validation errors and fall back to plain text communication which can then be easily sniffed by man-in-the middle type attacks. New form of mobile based client side injections Apart from the typical HTML and SQL based injections that are possible on the mobile web, even mobile applications are now beginning to notice different types of attacks like abusing of phone dialer, SMS as well as in application payments. Availability attacks that are executed on the information impact the availability of the information and make it inaccessible to the users. There are many services and applications that parallel run on the organizations internal and external networks which are made available by the execution of the Denial and Distributed Denial of Service attacks on the same. These are the attacks in which the malevolent entities introduce unnecessary and garbage traffic on the network of a particular service or application to deteriorate its quality which often leads to the scenario of a breakdown. It is through this process that the services and applications become inaccessible and unavailable for the end users (Ipa, 2009). These are the attacks that take place on the information that is associated with the organization by sending false emails and messages to the users to trick them in order to retrieve important information from them. Time to time there are news of new applications being introduced in the application stores that are already compromised intentionally or unintentionally. Hence a wide range of mobile application based threats have emerged, these includes: Malware attacks on the information are a common practice that has been observed in association with the users and organization along with other systems and organizations as well. A number of different types of malware have been created such as viruses, Trojan horses, Logic Bombs, worms, ransomware, adware, spyware and many more and all of these affect mobile devices as well resulting in financial fraud or theft. Malware Attacks on Mobile Devices Application markets are bound by the guidelines and principles that are required to be followed in order to upload an app on the same. However, there is malicious software also introduced on these markets that get downloaded on the mobile device and hampers the security of the device. Manipulation of the Bootloader is done to download and install the apps outside of the app markets as well that often result in rootkits and similar malware attacks. The applications that are developed and implemented by the business and users comprise of several Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). These APIs become one of the major threat agents and lead to the successful execution of a security attack by the hackers and attackers. Attackers often make use of these APIs to give to the security attacks. Newer Forms of Mobile Device Security Attacks Apart from the security risks and attacks associated with the mobile devices that have been summarized above, there are a lot many security attacks and risks that have now been created with the enhancement in technology and increase in the use of mobile devices. Already infected mobile devices are being used by the attackers and malevolent entities to cause damage to other devices. These infected devices seek for the presence of other mobile devices on a particular network or range and the malware or infected codes are then passed on to the other devices to cause damage to them. Ransomware attacks were earlier restricted to only computer systems and applications. However, with the increase in the use of mobile devices, these attacks have now spread to the mobile devices and applications as well. Attackers capture the credentials and information of the users and lock the device or the application which can only be accessed after paying for the same. Users make use of the mobile devices for personal as well as professional activities. There are also a number of financial tasks that are carried out with the aid of mobile devices. Crypto-currency mining attacks are executed by the attackers on the mobile devices and the information that is store d in the same. Attackers make use of malware in this cause in order to infiltrate the mobile devices in search for the digital currencies. Wireless sniffers and signal jammers are also causing a lot of trouble to the users of the mobile devices. The mobile devices that lack the adequate security measures are often impacted by these entities as the information that is present in the device is exposed to the attackers. Comparison between Android and iOS Mobile Security The above diagram shows the shipment volume of Android and iOS devices from 2013 to 2016. Two of the most widely used mobile operating systems in the present times are Android and Apples iOS. There are several providers of the Android OS in the market such as Samsungs, Lenovo, Motorola and many more. The security features and mechanisms that are offered in Android and iOS vary from each other. Both of the mobile operating systems offer the traditional forms of access control installed in their mobile devices such as use of PINs and passwords for unlocking the mobile devices, ability to the users to set up patterns for unlocking the device and setting up application locks in the device. Permission based access control can be applied in Android as well as iOS devices to allow the users to enter the password or PIN to permit the entry to an application. Applications that are installed in the mobile devices that run on either Android or iOS do not have a direct access to the hardware. There are many intermediary software layers that are present in between the application and the device that is the hardware which act as a barrier between the two entities. There are many web based attacks that are common in the world of mobile devices and both of the mobile operating systems have the in-built mechanisms to deal with such forms of security attacks. Strengths and Weaknesses of Android Mobile OS and iOS Apart from the list of common security features that have been listed above, there are a lot many security mechanisms that are exclusively present in the Android operating systems. In case of the mobile applications that are installed in the Android devices, there is a static list of permissions that are present in order to enable permission based access control on the applications. Also, it is not possible to automatically install the applications on the Android devices which prevent a lot many web-based and security attacks on the information stored in the device. The figure above shows that Android is the most vulnerable platform of all Operating Systems in the world including Desktop operating systems. Android has more than 3 times the number of vulnerabilities in 2016 at 523 when compared to iOS at 161. There are also certain weaknesses that are associated with the Android devices. There are many Android phones that are being provided by the manufacturers and some of them can no longer be updated to the latest version of the OS. Such devices are exposed to a higher number of security risks and attacks. Also, the manufacturers have the ability to modify the UI of the device as and when they like which also lead to the emergence of many security attacks. Application marketplace that is Google Play Store also has a limited security implementation and there are numerous security risks and threats that get executed along with the downloading of a mobile application on a mobile device (Smedinghoff, 2016). There is an enhanced permission based access control that is installed in the iOS devices that prompt the users frequently to make choices in terms of going ahead with the usage of the application or prevention of the same. Location based services that come along with iOS devices are outclass and there are geo-tagging and geo-location capabilities that are installed that allow the users to track the device even when it is lost or stolen. iOS also allows the users to automatically delete the desired data sets and information present in the device in case of its loss. There is a lot of information that the users store in the mobile devices which may be private and sensitive in nature. Such information can be erased by the users with just a click of a button (Cengage, 2016). There are some weaknesses that are associated with the mobile devices that run on iOS as their operating system. If the user chooses to jailbreak the device then there are multiple malware attacks that the device gets exposed to. These attacks can cause a lot of damage to the device and the information that is contained within the device. Also, there is a limited upgrade of the device possible on the previous version of the operating system that also leads to the emergence of a lot many security risks and attacks to the device (Saint-Germain, 2005). The above table highlights the security features available to end users that was available to a typical iOS vs Android user in 2013. Mobile Device Security Set of Goals The business processes, business operations and business activities must comply completely to the security policies, security laws and set of regulations that guard the same. The security mechanisms that are developed must ensure that the properties such as confidentiality, privacy, availability and integrity are safeguarded. There shall never be occurrences in which there is a complete breakdown in terms of business continuity (Anderson, 2016). The time required to recover the services and applications to their regular functioning shall be kept very low. Application of security mechanisms in third party dealings shall fulfill the norms of all the parties that are associated. There shall be regular up-gradation and maintenance of the security frameworks (Hostalnd, 2010) Mobile Device Security - Strategy The approach and strategy shall be developed according to the nature and type of information that may be impacted or may be put at risk. Confidentiality: The property of the information shall be maintained in all the business processes to make sure there are no violations and unauthorized entries involved. Integrity: The modifications, changes, deletions, updates and additions shall be performed in authorized manner only. Availability: Accessibility to the information shall be provided to the users at all times and from all the locations (Arcs, 2016). There is a lot of work that is being done in order to make sure that the mobile device risks and attacks are prevented and avoided. There is a rise of Internet of Things (IoT) applications along with the artificially intelligent applications that are being developed and mobile devices play a major role in both. Security of the mobile devices in association with IoT and cloud computing is required to be done to make sure that the level of security that is offered is increased and there are no risks executed. Also, in terms of the mobile operating systems, it would be essential to enhance the in-built security features such as basic and advanced security with the installation of logical and technical security controls. Such measures would make sure that the frequency of the mobile device security risks and attacks are minimized (Whitman, 2016). Users also need to be educated and made aware in terms of the mobile security risks and attacks and there shall be trainings and awareness sessions that must be executed and initiated for the purpose. Conclusion Information is the key asset for all the organizations and it becomes a prime topic of concern for the organizations to effectively manage the information and data sets that are associated with them. There are various categories of information such as sensitive information, internal information, information only for office use, public information, private information and a lot more. The information that the mobile devices that are used by the users and the organizations deal with on a daily basis includes the information associated with the applications, personal details of the users, information around the files and data that is stored in the device and a lot more. There are numerous security risks and attacks that are associated with the mobile devices in terms of security risks, threats and vulnerabilities. These can be prevented and controlled with the aid of applicable countermeasures and policies. References Alnatheer, M. (2014). A Conceptual Model to Understand Information Security Culture. [online] Available at: https://www.ijssh.org/papers/327-A00013.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Anderson, R. (2016). Why Information Security is Hard. [online] Available at: https://www.acsac.org/2001/papers/110.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Arcs, (2016). Information Security Policies. [online] Available at: https://www.arcs.qmul.ac.uk/policy_zone/information_security_policy.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Cengage, (2016). Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues in Information Security. [online] Available at: https://www.cengage.com/resource_uploads/downloads/1111138214_259148.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Hostland, K. (2010). Information Security Policy. [online] Available at: https://services.geant.net/cbp/Knowledge_Base/Security/Documents/gn3-na3-t4-ufs126.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Ipa, (2009). 10 Major Security Threats. [online] Available at: https://www.ipa.go.jp/files/000016942.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Ishandbook, (2016). Types of Controls. [online] Ishandbook.bsewall.com. Available at: https://ishandbook.bsewall.com/risk/Assess/Risk/control_types.html [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Keung, Y. (2016). Information Security Controls. [online] Available at: https://www.omicsgroup.org/journals/information-security-controls-2168-9695.1000e118.php?aid=23716 [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Ngoma, S. (2012). Vulnerability of IT Infrastructures: Internal and External Threats. [online] Available at: https://www.congovision.com/IT-Security-Pub.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. O'Neil, L. (2015). How to Implement Security Controls for an Information Security Program at CBRN Facilities. [online] Available at: https://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-25112.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Saint-Germain, R. (2005). Information Security Management Best Practice Based on ISO/IEC 17799. [online] Available at: https://www.arma.org/bookstore/files/Saint_Germain.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Smedinghoff, T. (2016). The State of Information Security Law. [online] Available at: https://resources.sei.cmu.edu/asset_files/WhitePaper/2007_019_001_52931.pdf [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016]. Whitman, M. (2016). Readings Cases in Information Security: Law Ethics. [online] Google Books. Available at: https://books.google.co.in/books?id=nTMIAAAAQBAJpg=PA272lpg=PA272dq=information+security+ethical+compliance+pdfsource=blots=flbySXXdj1sig=i6XDp71lCjObz40ugSYyDZl4AEchl=ensa=Xved=0ahUKEwi39fzQ0MDQAhWLV7wKHUeCD804ChDoAQgqMAE#v=onepageq=information%20security%20ethical%20compliance%20pdff=false [Accessed 25 Nov. 2016].